Furnace wall



july 24%, E923- L@ M. n lPTAK FURNACE WALL Filed July 17 1922 @Sheets-Sheet l M. LIPTAK FURNACE WALL 3 Sheets-Sheet; 2

Filed July 17, 1922 VIA M. LIPTAK 'July 24, w23- FURNAGE WALL Filed July 17 Y1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented July 24, 1.922.

`arretrata sTaTas attente raTanT orare.

- MICHAEL LISPTK, OF ST. PAL, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR rT0 I. GREEIil' lFllRE BRICK COMPANY, 0F MEXICO, MSSOURI, A CORPORATION DF MESSOURI.

FURNACE WALL.

Application filed JulyI 1'?,` 192,2. Serial No. 575,737.

T0 all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, MICHAEL LIPTAK, a citizen. of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace V'Valls; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to furnace wall structures and, in a general way, is in the nature of an improvement on or refinement of the wall structure disclosed and broadly claimed in my pending application Serial Number 550,841, filed April 8, 1922.

Generally stated, the invention consists of the novel construction, combinations and are rangements of parts hereinafter described and defined in the claims. vThe various features of novelty will appear in the description ofthe accompanying drawings, which illustrate a preferred form or embodiment of the several features of .this invention.

ln said drawings, wherein like` characters indicate like vparts throughout the several views,

Fig. l is an elevation showing a portion of the wall embodyingr my invention, looking at said wall from the `exterior thereof;

Fig. 2 is a perspective with some parts removed and some parts sectioned, illustrating the wall shown in Fig. 1, looking at the inner face thereof; Fi 3 is fa horizontal section taken approximately on the line 3-*3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken approximately on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is -a perspective showing the upper-v and lower sections of one of the shelf-anchoring boxes, looking at the inner side thereof, the vertical sections being sep- 4 arated Fig. 6 is a perspective showing the upper box section illustrated in Fig. 5, turned upside down to illustrate the internal structure thereof; y c i Fig7 is a perspective showing the lower box section illustrated in Fig. 5, turned upside down to better illustrate the external structure thereof; and

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section illustrating a slightly modied arrangement of the wall-formingelements.'

vtally spaced pockets and llhe complete wall structure illustrated is made up of what may be designated as a permanentmasonry outer wall and a replaceable high refractory inner wall. The permanent outer'wall has belts or rows of tile or baked re clay, self-anchoring boxes, and the replaceable inner wall includes shelf-forming blocks or fire tiles that pro- Jectinto and 'are anchored within the cooperating anchor boxes. In this arrangement, the lower portions of the anchor boxes afford sills, the upper portions ofisaid boxes afford lintels, and the end walls of said boxes afford pilasters, and, moreover, said 'arrangement of the boxes affords horizon, vertically spaced horizontal rows. p

As a highly important additional vfeature of novelty, giving greatly improved facility in the original erection and in making repairs, these tile or masonry anchor boxes are horizontally splitv or divided.

In most instances, the tile or masonryvanchor Aboxes are placed end to end in horizontal rows, forming belts, and said belts are vertically spaced with brickwork between the same, as illustrated in the main views of the drawings, but the said boxes may bel placed one on topof the other and thus made to form the entire outer or permanent wall, as illustrated in Fig. 8.

Describing first the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, the numerals 9 and 10 indicate, respectively, the lower and upper sections of the tile or masonry anchor boxes. y The said sections, when put together, form a rectangular box with a rectangular opening at 4the inner face of the permanent outer wall. The numeral 11 indicates brickhorizontal belts between the horizontal belts or rows of anchor boxes. A

The replaceable inner wall should be made up entirely of high refractory bricks or tiles and, as shown, it comprises replaceablehorizontal belts of fire bricks 12 and, betweenv said belts, horizontal rows or layers of shelfforming blocks or long lire bricks 13 placed in groups and extended from the replaceable wall into the cooperating anchor boxes. As preferably designed, these shelf-forming blocks 13 have the vertical cross-section of commercial lire bricks, but, of course, such dimensions may be varied. The sill-forming lower portions of the lower. box sections 9 work,l preferably commercial bricks, built in are 'formed with raised lock ledges 1t, and the inner ends of the shelf-formingvfblocks 113 are formed with depressed lock ledges 1 5 that are adapted to overlap and interlock 'with said ledges 14 when the blocks 13 are seated, as best shown in Figs. 2 and a. To :hold "saidblocks 13 interlecked to the sill- ,forming portions of the anchor boxes', wedge-acting key blocks or bricks lare used. These key blocks 16l are preferably .slightly ytapered and theunder surfaces of vthe lintel-forming portions of the lupper block sections 10' are prcterably correspondingly beveled. The shelf-forming blocks '13,

. preferably but not necessarily, extend completely through the replaceable inner wall,

while 'the-key blocks 13 preferably donot extend completely 'through said wall, and the spaces beyond the inner ends of said block-s 16 are filled iii with fire bricks 17.

' .rasante in the anchor boxes.` To facilitate the re- Also, the horizontal spaces between thegroups of shelf-forming blocks 13 are filled in with fire bricks 18.

It is highly important to note that when the shelf-formingblocks. 13 and key blocks 16 are secured in working position, they, to-

gether, but chiefly the former, form horizontal shelves that support the intervenin horizontal belts of replaceable brickwor 12. 0f course, said blocks 13 and 16 are also replaceable.

Under intense heat, the fire bricks 12 will tend to fuse to the masonry elements of the permanent outer wall and, moreover, when the inner wall is badly burned away, there is a tendency for the shelf-forming blocks i 13 to fuse to the anchor boxes. To prevent l fusion or welding of the lire bricks 12 to the anchor-boxes and brickwork of the permanent outer wall, said walls are laid with a slight vertical air space at 19.

For an important purpose, clearance v spaces 20 are left between the back' walls of the anchor'boxes and adjacent-ends of the blocks 13,'as best shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, and these clearance spaces 20 are extended at 20a to aiord clearance between the end walls of said boxes and the adjacent sides of the outer blocks 13 of the groups, (see particularly Fig. 3). With this arrangement, even if thelower portions of the shelfforming blocks 13 should fuse to the sill! forming portions of the anchor boxes, said blocks may be loosened by exposed ends of said vbloc s and thereby driving the sameback into the pockets of the anchor boxes The side clearance spaces 20a permit the blocks 13 tobe forced-apart laterally and thus separated, levenif more o r less fused together. Said blocks 13 may be kthus driven back into the pockets, either before or after the key blocks 16 have been4 loosened up'or removed, but said key blocks' ounding on the must be removed'before the shelf-forming blocks 13 can be removed from the pockets of position,

-Figs. land 4)'.

`bolts are', of course,

members of the buckstays and when theirv tions 9 will moval of said key blocks, the outer walls of the upper box sections 10, in line with at least some of said key blocks, are formed with holes 21. ln the arrangement illustrated, the blocks 13 are arranged in groups of three so positioned that two key blocks may be driven out of position by a metal punch' or rod inserted t rough the particular'hole. Normally, the holes 21 may be closed by plugs v 2 2 of tire clay on the like,

which, of course, may be readily driven out (see particularly Figs. 1 and).

rllae composite wall described may be used in association. kwith or independently 'of buckstays,and if buckstays are employed, vit may be used, either in connection with vertical or horizontal buckstays or both. ln

the drawings, I have 4illustrated this wall as anchored to vertical buckstays, which, in turn, are connected by horizontal buckstays.

v The vertical buckstays are shown. asof the usual construction, being made up of pairs of metallic channel beams 23 placed back to` bac-k but slightly spaced apart, andthe horizontal buckstays are shown as made up of similar' channel beams 2d placed back to back but slightly spaced and rigidly oo n- 'with grooves 28 that extend to the outer faces of said sections and, `at their inner extremities, terminatev in notches 29 that afford seats for the grapple lugs 27 of the anchor bolts. Said anchor bolts may be inserted into or moved from interlocking engagement with the said block sections when their lugs 27 are turnedv into horizontal csitions, and they vwill be interlocked t erewith when said lugs are turned vertically. The-.outer portions of the anchor passed between the nuts 26 are ti htened, the anchor block secn e directly anchored to said buckstays and, of course, the entire wall will be yindirectly anchored to such buckstays.

In Fig. 4, the numeral 30 indicates' a rod 'or punch inserted .through one of the perfotas rations 21 iny position to drive out the wedge blocks 16.

By reference to Fig. 1, it will be noted that the anchor boxes of the different 'vertical belts are set so that their vertical aan' joints are broken or staggered. This not only gives thel best kind of a bond 1n the wall but forms thel so-calle'd ermanet outer; wall in suehmanner that if, at any time,'it should be necessary'to replace one or more of the anchor 'boxes or certain of the bricks 11, such operations may be" erformed without tearing down said wal or without removing therefrom any considerable portion thereof except thepartsto be actually replaced. The vouter.,extremities of the grooves 28, in the lower boxs'ections 9, may be normally closed by plugs- 3 1 of vfire clay or other suitable material which may be readily displaced.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 8 is like that above described `except that the permanent outer wall is built up entirely of theanc'hor boxes 9-10, which arrangement materially reduces the number of bricks and the .vertical extensions of the re brick belts 12. For instance, in the structureJ illustrated in the 'main views, the

brick belts 12 are made up of nine horizontal courses of bricks, while in Fig. 2, fire brick belts 12zx are made up 'ofive horizontal courses of said bricks,` but, of course, in either arrangement, the' number of bricks may be varied. l.

Thewall structure replacement of any p'rtor zone of the replaceable inner wall a very easymatter, which may be quickly performed by a workman ordinarily skilled in the art.

WhatIclaimis.r orf, 4 1. A wall structure' made up of a mason outer wall and a replaceable inner Wa said outer wall including refractory tile anchoring boxes and said inner wall including shelf-forming blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes.

2. A wall structure made up of aniasonry4 outer wall and arireplaceable inner wall, said outer wall including refractory tile anchoring boxes and said inner wall including shelf-forming blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes, said shelf-forming blocks and boxes having positive interlocking engagemen 3. A wall structure made up of a mason vouter wall and a4 replaceable inner wal, 'said outer wall including refractory tile anchoring boxes and said inner wall including' shelf-forming blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes, said anchor boxes being rectangular,v the bottoni portions thereof aording sills, Ithe top portions thereof 'a'nfoi'dinglintels and the end portions thereof aordng pilasters in said outer wall.

Il. A wall structure made up of la masonry outer wall and a-replaceable inner wall, said outer wall including` refractory tile anchoring boxes yand said inner wall including shelf-forming .blocks extended into and described makes the a tov be driven slightly from farther into said pockets.

8. The structure defined in claim 1 in' shelf-forming blocks and boxes having positive interlocking engagement, and key blocks inserted between said shelf-forming blocks andthe tops of the cooperating anchor boxes. 1

`6. A wall structure made up of a Ina-- sonry outer wall and a replaceable inner wall,'said outer wall including refractory` tile anchoring bottes and said inner wall including shelf-forming'blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes, said anchor, lboxes'being, rectangular, the bottom portions thereof affording sills, the top portions thereof4 affording lintels and the end portions thereof affording pilaster's in said outer wall, and key blocks inserted vbetween said shelf-forming blocks and the tops of the cooperating anchor boxes.

l7. The structure defined in claim 1 in which said anchor boxes are formed with ib5 pockets, the walls of which are spaced from the inserted inner ends of said shelfforming blocks so as to permit said blocks normal position which said vanchor boxes are formed with pockets, the walls of which are spaced from the inserted inner ends of said shelf-forming blocks so as to permit said blocks to be driven slightly -from normal position farther into said pockets, said pockets' being further formed with spaces between thev same and the sides of the adjacent .groups of cooperatin shelf-forming blocks.

9. The structure efinedv in claim 4 in which said anchor boxes are provided in their outer walls with perforations through which a punch may be inserted to drive said key blocks fromf position. l

10. The structure defined in claim 5 in which said. anchor boxes' are provided in l their outer walls with perforations through which a punch may be inserted to drive said 4 key blocks from position.

11. The structure defined in claim 5 in which said anchor boxes are provided in their outer Walls with perforations through which a punch may be inserted to drive said key blocks from position, and which anchor xes are formed with pockets, the walls of which are spaced from the inserted ends of said shelf-forming blocks so as to permit said blocks to be driven slightly from normal positions further into said pockets.

the said anchorin 12. The structure defined in claim 11 in which the pockets of said anchor boxes are .further formed with spaces between :the same and the sides of the adjacent cooper; ating shelf-forming blocks.

13. A wallstructure made up of a permanent outer wall and a replaceable inner wall, said outer wall including divided or two-part. anchoring boxes and said inner; wall including shelf-forming blocks extended into and anchored within Said boxes.

14. A wall structure made up of a ma'- sonry outer' wall and a replaceable inner wall, said outer' wall including non-metallic tile anchoring boxes and said linner wall including shelf-forming blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes, boxes being split or di-- vided but assem led toI form complete boxes.

15. A wall structurel made up of a masonry outer wall and a replaceablev inner wall, said outer wall including refractory tile anhorin boxes and said inner wall including shel -forming blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes, said shelf-forming blocks and boxes having positive interlocking engagement, the sai anchoring boxes being made up of sections:A assembled to form complete boxes.

l16. A wall structure made upof a masonry outer wall and a replaceable inner wall, saidfoutenwall including refractory tile anchoring boxes and said inner wall in '.cluding shelf-'forming blocks extended into and anchored within said anchor boxes,

incanta said anchor boxes being horizontally split or divided.

17. The structure defined in claim 5 in which saidanchoring boxes are horizontally split or divided.

18. The structure defined in claim 5 vin which said anchorin boxes are-horizontally split or divided an the upper sections of which', in their outer walls, are formed with perfnrations through which a punch may be inserted to drive said key blocks from working position.

19. As a new article of manufacture, a tile anchor box of rectangular formation provided with rectangular pocket-forming cavities that extend less than from end to end thereof.

20. As a new article of manufacture, a tile' anchor` box of rectangular formation provided with rectangular pocket-fr )rming cavities, and having-a punch hole in its vertical web.

21. As a new article of manufacture, a tile anchor box of rectangular formation provided with rectangular pocket-forming cavities, the bottom of said pocket having a raised lock ledge adapted for interlocking engagement with a shelf-forming block.

22. T he structure defined in claim 194 in which said box is horizontally divided.

23. rlhe structure defined in claim 19 in which said box is horizontally divided, the lower section of said box having a raised lock ledge in its pocket-forming'cavity.

ln testimony whereof l aix my signature.

MCHAEL LPTAK. 

